Near-IR imaging polarimetry toward a bright-rimmed cloud: Magnetic field in SFO 74

We have made near-infrared (JHKs) imaging polarimetry of a bright-rimmed cloud (SFO 74). The polarization vector maps clearly show that the magnetic field in the layer just behind the bright rim is running along the rim, quite different from its ambient magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field just behind the tip rim is almost perpendicular to that of the incident UV radiation, and the magnetic field configuration appears to be symmetric as a whole with respect to the cloud symmetry axis. We estimated the column and number densities in the two regions (just inside and far inside the tip rim) and then derived the magnetic field strength, applying the Chandrasekhar-Fermi method. The estimated magnetic field strength just inside the tip rim, ~90 ?G, is stronger than that far inside, ~30 ?G. This suggests that the magnetic field strength just inside the tip rim is enhanced by the UV-radiation-induced shock. The shock increases the density within the top layer around the tip and thus increases the strength of the magnetic field. The magnetic pressure seems to be comparable to the turbulent one just inside the tip rim, implying a significant contribution of the magnetic field to the total internal pressure. The mass-to-flux ratio was estimated to be close to the critical value just inside the tip rim. We speculate that the flat-topped bright rim of SFO 74 could be formed by the magnetic field effect

Near-Infrared Imaging Polarimetry of S106 Cluster-Forming Region with SIRPOL

We present the results of wide-field JHKs polarimetry toward the HII region S106 using the IRSF (Infrared Survey Facility) telescope. Our polarimetry data revealed an extended (up to ~ 5') polarized nebula over S106. We confirmed the position of the illuminating source of most of the nebula as consistent with S106 IRS4 through an analysis of polarization vectors. The bright portion of the polarized intensity is consistent with the red wing component of the molecular gas. Diffuse polarized intensity emission is distributed along the north--south molecular gas lanes. We found the interaction region between the radiation from S106 IRS4 and the dense gas. In addition, we also discovered two small polarization nebulae, SIRN1 and SIRN2, associated with a young stellar objects (YSO). Aperture polarimetry of point-like sources in this region was carried out for the first time. The regional magnetic field structures were derived using point-like source aperture polarimetry, and the magnetic field structure position angle around the cluster region in S106 was found to be ~ 120\arcdeg. The magnetic fields in the cluster region, however, have three type position angles: ~ 20\arcdeg, ~ 80\arcdeg, and ~ 120\arcdeg. The present magnetic field structures are consistent with results obtained by submillimeter continuum observations. We found that the magnetic field direction in the dense gas region is not consistent with that of the low density gas region.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A

胃部分切除一症例でのイトラコナゾール固形製剤と内用液剤投与後の血中濃度比較

In this paper, we report that in pulmonary aspergillosis patient who had history of resection of the stomach, the blood concentrations of itraconazole（ITCZ）and its active metabolite, hydroxy-ITCZ（OHITCZ） after taking oral solid formulation of ITCZ were remarkably low, whereas their blood concentrations significantly increased after switching from the solid formulation to the solution formulation.During administration of the ITCZ tablets（200 mg/day）, trough blood concentration of ITCZ and OH-ITCZ were 15 ng/mL and 18 ng/mL, respectively. On the other hand, when it was switched from the tablet to the oral solution（200 mg/day as ITCZ）, blood concentrations of ITCZ and OH-ITCZ increased to 1056 ng/mL and 1492 ng/mL, respectively. It was considered that the absorption of ITCZ tablets declined because the gastric acid secretion ability of the patients was decreased by gastrectomy.研究ノー

肺アスペルギルス症患者におけるイトラコナゾールおよび

A patient was given generic itraconazole (ITCZ) tablet, brand-name-ITCZ capsule, ITCZ oral solution and ITCZ injection to treat pulmonary aspergillosis. We monitored concentrations of ITCZ and its active metabolite hydroxy-ITCZ (OH-ITCZ) in plasma and lung tissues. During administration of the generic product (400 mg/day), trough plasma concentrations of ITCZ and OH-ITCZ were 76 ng/mL and 126 ng/mL, respectively. After administration of the brand-name product (200 mg/day), they increased to 229 ng/mL and 540 ng/mL, respectively. ITCZ and OH-ITCZ concentrations/dosage ratios were 6.1 and 8.4 times higher by switching to the brand-name product, respectively. It was suggested that there may be a difference in pharmacokinetics between the brand-name ITCZ and the generic. Also, we determined ITCZ and OH-ITCZ concentrations infected and uninfected tissues of resected lung simultaneously. The ITCZ concentration in the infected lesion of the lung was approximately 2.3 times higher than that in plasma and 1.6 times higher than in uninfected lung tissue. The OH-ITCZ concentration in the infected lesion was higher than ITCZ in the same region. It was considered that the high concentrations of ITCZ and its metabolite at infected lesion were due to their high affinities with ergosterol in fungal membrane.研究ノー

シシュンキ ノ コドモ オ モツ オヤ エノ HIV ト セイ ニ カンスル プログラム ノ ジッタイ

目的: HIV予防プログラムの開発に活かすことを目的として, 思春期の子どもをもつ親に対するHIVと性に関するプログラムを検討する.方法: 本稿は, 海外と国内の1999年-2006年の性行動に関連する親子関係に焦点を当てた文献と, 親へのプログラムについての文献を検討した. そして, 親のための教育内容, 方法, 評価を追究した.結果: (1) 親に思春期の性行動に関係する親子のコミュニケーションを含む養育態度を伝える. (2) 子どもの発達段階に応じた, 親への介入の目標を明らかにすることが必要である. (3) 親が家庭でビデオや会報を利用するプログラムは, 親の教育をする可能性を高める. (4) プログラムの評価として, 子どもの健康を観る必要がある. (5) わが国の文化的な特徴に適した親への教育プログラムの開発が示唆された.研究ノー

血中濃度解析に基づくイトラコナゾール内用液剤の至適服用タイミングの検討

In this study, we examined the optimal time for taking itraconazole（ITCZ）oral solution based on the analysis of its blood concentration. The trough blood concentrations of both itraconazole and its active metabolite hydroxy-ITCZ were about twice higher under taking ITCZ oral solution between meals than under taking it before meals. The results of this study show that the absorption of ITCZ oral solution was affected not only by the meal before taking but also by the meal after taking it. Our findings suggest that the timing for taking ITCZ oral solution was better between meals than before meals.論

Rupture and Rhythm: A Phenomenology of National Experiences

This article investigates how people make sense of ruptures in the flow of everyday life as they enter new experiential domains. Shifts in being-in-time create breaks in the natural attitude that offer the opportunity to register national—or, for example, religious, gender, or class—experiences. People interpret ruptures in perception and proprioception by drawing connections with domains in which similar or contrasting kinds of disruption are evident. Normalizing the transition, rhythm—as both cadence and overall flow—helps people adjust to new circumstances, align action, and smooth subsequent ruptures. Based on extensive qualitative fieldwork, I examine the specific case of how novice and experienced tea ceremony practitioners in Japan move into, interpret, and normalize action within tea spaces

Nationwide surveillance of bacterial respiratory pathogens conducted by the surveillance committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2010: General view of the pathogens\u27 antibacterial susceptibility

The nationwide surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens from patients in Japan, was conducted by Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2010.The isolates were collected from clinical specimens obtained from well-diagnosed adult patients with respiratory tract infections during the period from January and April 2010 by three societies. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted at the central reference laboratory according to the method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institutes using maximum 45 antibacterial agents.Susceptibility testing was evaluable with 954 strains (206 Staphylococcus aureus, 189 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 4 Streptococcus pyogenes, 182 Haemophilus influenzae, 74 Moraxella catarrhalis, 139 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 160 Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Ratio of methicillin-resistant S.aureus was as high as 50.5%, and those of penicillin-intermediate and -resistant S.pneumoniae were 1.1% and 0.0%, respectively. Among H.influenzae, 17.6% of them were found to be β-lactamase-non-producing ampicillin (ABPC)-intermediately resistant, 33.5% to be β-lactamase-non-producing ABPC-resistant and 11.0% to be β-lactamase-producing ABPC-resistant strains. Extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing K.pneumoniae and multi-drug resistant P.aeruginosa with metallo β-lactamase were 2.9% and 0.6%, respectively.Continuous national surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory pathogens is crucial in order to monitor changing patterns of susceptibility and to be able to update treatment recommendations on a regular basis